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April 27, 2026Interdisciplinary CardioVascular and Thoracic Surgery1 citationsOpen Access

Bacillus Calmette-Guérin related mycotic pseudoaneurysm in the aortic arch: clinical and surgical challenges

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SBSophie BonniNRNatasja W M RamnathKSKoen Selten

Key Points

  • This research investigates the rare occurrence of mycotic aneurysms linked to BCG therapy and the associated surgical challenges.
  • Treatment involved aortic arch and descending aorta replacement and antimicrobials.
  • Computed tomography utilized for diagnosis and evaluation of the pseudoaneurysm.
  • Histopathological analysis confirmed the presence of Mycobacterium bovis infection.
  • The patient experienced complications resulting in death from stroke and organ failure one month after surgery.
  • Histopathology confirmed Mycobacterium bovis infection as the causative agent of the mycotic aneurysm.
  • Early recognition and multidisciplinary management are emphasized as critical in handling such cases.

Abstract

Mycotic aortic aneurysms following intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) therapy for urothelial carcinoma are rare but life-threatening. A male patient with BCG-treated bladder cancer presented with syncope, cough, and fever. Computed tomography showed a distal arch pseudoaneurysm, and positron emission tomography indicated infection. Treatment included aortic arch and descending aorta replacement and antimicrobials. Histopathology confirmed Mycobacterium bovis infection. The patient died one month postoperatively due to stroke and organ failure. Early recognition and multidisciplinary management are crucial.

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Cite This Study

Bonni et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69eefd64fede9185760d4229https://doi.org/10.1093/icvts/ivag120
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