The engine oil plays an important role in improving thermal efficiency in automobile engines by dissipating excess heat from the moving components. Recent advancements in thermal engineering have brought the concept of hybrid nanofluid as an effective approach to enhance thermal of conventional lubricants. In current investigation, a mathematical model has been developed to investigate thermal performance of couple stress-based hybrid nanofluid containing the copper oxide Formula: see text, titanium oxide Formula: see text nanoparticles with engine oil Formula: see text base fluid. Unlike previous investigations that primarily discuss the hybrid nanofluid by neglecting the combine impact of nonlinear radiated effects and internal heat generation, this investigation simultaneously accounts these features to provide a comprehensive thermal model. The source of flow is linearly moving elastic surface. The solution methodology is based on famous numerical shooting scheme. Comparative thermal results are prepared for mono nanofluid Formula: see text and hybrid nanofluid Formula: see text The results show that the suspension of hybrid nanofluid significantly enhances the heat transfer features as compared to mono nanofluid. The developed model is effective for optimizing thermal management in automobile lubrication systems and control of industrial cooling systems.
Iskander Tlili (2026) studied this question.