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Probiotics are live microorganisms, primarily bacteria that give the host health benefits when given in sufficient amounts. It works in various defensive mechanisms, including releasing antimicrobial compounds, competitive adhesion to the mucosa and epithelium, fortifying the gut epithelial barrier and regulating the immune system. Probiotics have a considerable effect in reducing allergies and gastrointestinal problems like diarrhoea and ulcers. Probiotics are quite beneficial for managing and preventing complex diseases including diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, anaemia, urogenital diseases, dental caries, URTI, cancers and various abnormalities like obesity, depression, etc. Nowadays, Antibiotic resistance is a global challenge associated with high morbidity and mortality. The current lack of efficacious treatments necessitates the creation of innovative therapeutic approaches and substitute antimicrobial therapies. So, natural products or probiotics would be a better option for treating human health. Therefore, we systematically reviewed the sources, including Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, Jstor and Base; studies only about human health were included here. All types of animal diseases and articles before 1990 are excluded. A total of 6,410 articles were identified and 300 articles were taken for further evaluation based on context. However, Probiotics have already become a successful therapeutic intervention strategy among physicians. This investigation covers a comprehensive overview of the current state of probiotic research which comprises a wide range of topics including sourcing, mode of action, probiotic strains, isolating procedures and the role of probiotics. Graphical abstract
Khatun et al. (2024) studied this question.