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January 14, 2026Acta Psychiatrica ScandinavicaOpen Access

Examining Social Barriers in Adults With ADHD : The Role of Autistic Traits, Empathy, Theory of Mind in Social Anxiety and Avoidance

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Authors

AKAli KandeğerCACarrie AllisonMÇM. Ediz Çelik

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Overview

Case–control study shows that adults with ADHD have higher autistic traits and social anxiety, suggesting targeted interventions may help.

Key Points

  • This study examines social barriers in adults with ADHD and investigates the role of autistic traits, empathy, and theory of mind in social anxiety.
  • Case-control design comparing 142 adults with ADHD to 104 non-neurodivergent adults.
  • Participants completed various self-report measures, including empathy and anxiety scales.
  • The study used psychiatric interviews and diagnostic evaluations to gather comprehensive data.
  • Adults with ADHD showed higher autistic traits and social anxiety compared to controls.
  • Lower cognitive and affective empathy scores were noted in adults with ADHD.
  • Social skills challenges and empathy issues accounted for variance in social anxiety, independent of other factors.

Cite This Study

Kandeğer et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6966e72c13bf7a6f02bff950https://doi.org/10.1111/acps.70067
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