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January 15, 2026Nature CommunicationsOpen Access

Intranasal replicon vaccine establishes mucosal immunity and protects against H5N1 and H7N9 influenza

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Authors

MYMatthew YkemaMDMichael A. DavisDKDarshan N. Kasal

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Overview

Monovalent replicon vaccines improve mucosal immunity in mice, indicating potential for pandemic influenza response.

Key Points

  • The study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of intranasal replicon vaccines in inducing mucosal immunity against influenza viruses.
  • Developed monovalent and bivalent replicon vaccines against H5N1 and H7N9 influenza strains.
  • Formulated vaccines with a nanostructured lipid carrier for intranasal and intramuscular administration.
  • Evaluated vaccine-induced immune responses in mice and protection in ferret models.
  • IM vaccination elicited systemic responses but no mucosal immunity.
  • IN administration produced robust systemic and mucosal immunity.
  • Replicon-NLC vaccines protected against morbidity and mortality in ferret challenge models.

Cite This Study

Ykema et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69683e135818e7dbd7c630dahttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-64829-6
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