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January 23, 2026European Journal of NeurologyOpen Access

Borrelia Infections Under B Cell‐Depleting Therapies: A Systematic Review of Diagnostic Challenges and Outcomes With Special Focus on Neurological Forms

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Authors

ECEmilie Cardot‐MartinJCJean Baptiste ChansonCLC. Lenormand

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Overview

Systematic review examines neurological Borrelia infections in patients on B cell-depleting therapies, highlighting diagnostic issues.

Key Points

  • This review aims to summarize cases of Lyme borreliosis and relapsing fever Borrelia infections in patients undergoing B-cell-depleting therapies.
  • Conducted a systematic literature search using PubMed and Web of Science Core Collection.
  • Focused on cases linking B-cell-depleting therapies to Lyme borreliosis and Borrelia infections.
  • Reported cases analyzed for clinical manifestations, diagnostic challenges, and treatment outcomes.
  • Most reported cases were neurological infections, including 11 cases of Lyme neuroborreliosis.
  • Negative serology was noted in all Lyme neuroborreliosis cases, but pleocytosis was always present in CSF.
  • PCR confirmed diagnosis in 8 Lyme neuroborreliosis cases, while all B. miyamotoi infections relied on direct detection methods.
  • Standard antibiotic regimens were effective, though some patients experienced persistent symptoms.

Cite This Study

Cardot‐Martin et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6973106cc8125b09b0d201a2https://doi.org/10.1111/ene.70483
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