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February 2, 2026Stroke

Abstract DP233: Plasma Biomarkers of Alzheimer’s Disease, White Matter Hyperintensities, and Dementia Risk: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study

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Why the study?

It was unknown how plasma biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease interact with white matter hyperintensities on MRI to influence incident dementia risk.

Do plasma biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease and white matter hyperintensities independently predict incident dementia risk in older adults?

Population

1,538 dementia-free participants aged 67-90 years in the ARIC Study

Comparison

Plasma biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease and white matter hyperintensities

Design

Prospective cohort study

Follow-up

10 years

Key result

For every doubling of plasma Aβ42/Aβ40, dementia risk decreased, while p-tau181, NfL, and GFAP increases were associated with higher dementia risk over 10 years.

Authors

EKElise KinyanjuiRGRenee GroechelVMValerie Morrill

Discussion

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Overview

Supports plasma AD biomarkers plus WMH as independent dementia predictors; extends prior associations but leaves clinical use open pending trials.

Key Points

  • Investigate the interaction of plasma biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease with white matter hyperintensities to predict dementia risk.
  • Included dementia-free participants from ARIC Study (2011–2013)
  • Assessed plasma biomarkers and quantified WMH using MRI
  • Used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate dementia risk
  • Adjusted for demographic and vascular risk factors
  • 30% of participants developed dementia over a 10-year follow-up
  • Doubling of Aβ42/Aβ40 decreased dementia risk; p-tau181, NfL, GFAP increased risk
  • WMH increase related to higher dementia risk, independent of plasma biomarkers
  • No strong multiplicative interactions noted between plasma biomarkers and WMH

Structured PICO

Do plasma biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease and white matter hyperintensities independently predict incident dementia risk in older adults?

P
Population
1,538 dementia-free participants from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study, aged 67-90 years, 29% Black, who underwent MRI and plasma biomarker assessment.
I
Intervention
Plasma biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (Aβ42/Aβ40, p-tau181, NfL, GFAP) and white matter hyperintensities (WMH) on MRI
O
Outcome
Incident dementia risk over 10 yearshard clinical

Plasma biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease and white matter hyperintensities on MRI are independent predictors of incident dementia risk over 10 years.

Cite This Study

Kinyanjui et al. (2026) studied this question. For every doubling of plasma Aβ42/Aβ40, dementia risk decreased, while p-tau181, NfL, and GFAP increases were associated with higher dementia risk over 10 years.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6980fd60c1c9540dea80f158https://doi.org/10.1161/str.57.suppl_1.dp233
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