Classical spacetime models assume a smooth, differentiable four-dimensional manifold at fundamental scales. Within the Ibaguner Fractal Operator (IFO) framework, this assumption is replacedby a spectral–fractal description in which spacetime geometry emerges from the eigenstructure ofa non-integer operator. As a consequence, spacetime dimensionality becomes scale-dependent,regime-dependent, and dynamically determined.
SİNAN İBAGÜNER (2026) studied this question.