Length Variation in Maxillary Central and Lateral Incisors: A CBCT Study on a sample of Yemeni Population

Abstract Background and Aim: To measure the crown and root lengths of maxillary central and lateral incisors in a sample of the Yemeni population, compare these measurements between genders, and evaluate the clinical relevance of any observed variations. Materials and Methods: Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images from 100 individuals (50 males and 50 females), representing a total of 400 maxillary anterior teeth, were analyzed. Only teeth without pathology, restorations, or previous endodontic treatment were included. Crown and root lengths were measured using Ez3D-i software, following a standardized protocol based on clearly defined anatomical reference points. Measurements were performed by two calibrated examiners to ensure consistency and reliability. Results: All examined teeth had single roots. Both crown and root lengths showed variation within and between groups (central vs. lateral and male vs. female). Lateral incisors exhibited slightly longer roots than central incisors, while males tended to have greater crown and root dimensions, though not all differences were statistically significant. Conclusion: This CBCT-based study highlights considerable variability in the crown and root dimensions of maxillary incisors within a Yemeni population. These findings underscore the importance of individualized assessment for accurate endodontic, restorative, and prosthetic planning. Future studies with larger and more diverse samples are recommended to validate these results.