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February 2, 2026Open Access

Serum Neurofilament Light Chain and Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein as Differential Biomarkers of Response to Dimethyl Fumarate and Ocrelizumab in Multiple Sclerosis

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Authors

AMAlessandra MingioneACAndrea CoronaCMCorinne Monzani

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Overview

Analyzing serum biomarkers predicts treatment response in multiple sclerosis, indicating potential clinical applications.

Key Points

  • The aim is to evaluate serum neurofilament light chain and glial fibrillary acidic protein as biomarkers for treatment response in multiple sclerosis.
  • Analyzed serum levels of sNfL and sGFAP in 177 MS patients and 71 healthy controls using SIMOA technology.
  • Classified patients into responders and non-responders based on NEDA-3 status after two years.
  • Performed longitudinal analyses of biomarker levels during treatments with dimethyl fumarate and ocrelizumab.
  • Conducted age correlation analysis for the biomarkers in healthy controls.
  • Both sNfL and sGFAP levels were significantly higher in MS patients compared to healthy controls.
  • sNfL increased in non-responder patients, while sGFAP was elevated specifically in low-to-moderate efficacy treatment non-responders.
  • Both biomarkers decreased during dimethyl fumarate treatment after one year.
  • sNfL levels returned to healthy control levels within one year of ocrelizumab treatment, while sGFAP levels decreased only after two years.

Cite This Study

Mingione et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6981020cc1c9540dea8133bchttps://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27031441
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