Anemia among pregnant women remains a major public health problem associated with an increased risk of pregnancy and childbirth complications. Nutritional education is a key strategy for anemia prevention; however, the effectiveness of educational media varies. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of video and leaflet media as nutritional education interventions in improving knowledge, attitudes, and dietary practices related to iron-rich food consumption among pregnant women at Abeli Primary Health Center, Kendari City. A quasi-experimental pretest–posttest study with a comparison group was conducted among 40 pregnant women, equally assigned to video- and leaflet-based intervention groups. Knowledge, attitudes, and dietary practices were measured before and after the intervention using a structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon test, paired t-test, Mann–Whitney test, N-Gain analysis, and effect size estimation. Both media significantly improved knowledge (p < 0.001), with greater improvement in the video group. Attitudes improved significantly only in the video group (p < 0.001), while no significant changes in dietary practices were observed in either group. In conclusion, video-based nutritional education was more effective than leaflet-based education in improving knowledge and attitudes; however, sustained interventions are needed to promote behavioral change.
Amin et al. (2025) studied this question.