A rectangular patch antenna for internet of things applications in sub-6 GHz band

In the rapidly expanding domain of the Internet of Things (IoT), there is a burgeoning requirement for compact and efficient antennas operating within the Sub-6 GHz frequency range (2.3?4.2 GHz). This research focuses on the design and optimization of a rectangular patch antenna, specifically intended for use in Internet of Things (IoT) applications within this frequency spectrum. The proposed antenna features a rectangular slot in the ground plane and employs substrate removal methodologies to enhance its performance. It is made on an FR-4 substrate, characterized by a loss tangent of 0.025, a dielectric constant of 4.3, and a thickness of 1.6 mm. The antenna is fed through a 50-Ohm inset feedline to ensure effective signal transmission. Simulations are conducted using CST Studio Suite to evaluate the antenna's design and performance metrics. The results indicate an impressive reflection coefficient (S11) of 35.39057 dB, a 209.273 MHz bandwidth (2.525316 GHz?2.734589 GHz), and a VSWR of 1.03908. Furthermore, the antenna exhibits a gain of 0.623 dBi, a directivity of 3.71 dBi, and a radiation efficiency of 49.12%. These findings strongly suggest the antenna?s excellent potential for diverse IoT services, promising reliable and robust wireless communication. Future research will focus on physical prototyping, further parametric optimization, and integration into practical IoT devices. This study significantly contributes to the progression of high-performance antenna design for next-generation IoT systems, consequently aiding in the creation of more compact and efficient wireless communication technologies.