Metal matrix composites (MMCs) are gaining prominence over conventional metals due to their superior strength-to-weight ratio, low density, minimal thermal expansion, and high-temperature resistance. This study investigates the enhancement of MMC properties by reinforcing Al-6061 alloy with fly ash particles. The composites were fabricated using the stir casting method, varying fly ash grain sizes (0-75 μm, 75-90 μm, and 90-150 μm), weight percentages (10%, 20%, and 30%), and melting temperatures (800 ℃, 850 ℃, and 900 ℃). A novel multi-objective optimization technique based on non-dominated sorting with Pareto fronts identified the optimal parameters as 30% fly ash weight, 0-75 μm grain size, and 850 ℃ melting temperature. Microstructural analysis confirmed the uniform distribution of fly ash in the matrix, and hardness testing revealed significant improvement with smaller grain sizes and higher fly ash content. This study highlights the potential of fly ash-reinforced MMCs for applications demanding superior mechanical properties.
Mirad et al. (Fri,) studied this question.