Ovarian Cancer and High Body‐Mass Index: A Global Burden of Disease Database Study From 1990 to 2021

ABSTRACT Background Excess adiposity has been recognized as a significant modifiable risk factor for ovarian cancer (OC), but the epidemiology of OC attributable to high BMI remain largely unknown. Methods Utilizing comprehensive data from the Global Burden of Disease 2021 study, this investigation quantifies the epidemiological impact of elevated body mass index (BMI) on OC. Results Our study demonstrated a striking 17,344 mortality cases attributable to BMI in 2021, with a 153.2% increase compared to 1990. The age‐standardized mortality rate (ASMR) and disability‐adjusted life years (DALYs) rate associated with excessive BMI rose from 0.18 per 100,000 (95% UI: −0.04–0.33) and 4.57 per 100,000 (95% UI: 0.94–8.6) in 1990 to 0.2 per 100,000 (95% UI: 0.05–0.36) and 5.46 per 100,000 (95% UI: 1.3–9.62) in 2021, respectively, with DALYs showing a 152.6% increase during this period. Notably, geriatric populations and low‐income nations exhibited disproportionately elevated mortality and DALY counts in 2021. The Bayesian age‐period‐cohort (BAPC) predictive modeling framework was used to quantify the average yearly rate of the obesity‐related OC and demonstrated a continued rise in both incidence and mortality rates over the next 25‐year period. Conclusion These findings highlight metabolic dysfunction as a critical public health challenge in OC pathogenesis, emphasizing the urgent need to address modifiable metabolic determinants and associated conditions.