This work presents a 2×2 E-shaped microstrip patch antenna incorporating an inherent bandpass filtering mechanism for Sub-6 GHz 5G applications. The S-parameter results show two closely spaced resonances at 5.57 GHz and 6.0 GHz, which together form a dual-pole bandpass response. These resonances result from the combined electromagnetic effect of the E-shaped radiating patch and a Jerusalem-cross ground structure that enhances coupling and supports multi- mode operation. Across the composite passband from 5.45 to 6.15 GHz, the antenna achieves a peak gain of 7.2 dBi and radiation efficiency approaching 99%, while maintaining stable radiation characteristics. The integrated dual- resonance behavior eliminates the need for external filter stages, enabling a compact, high-performance bandpass filtenna suitable for next-generation wireless communication.
K et al. (2026) studied this question.