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February 9, 2026ElectronicsOpen Access

ST-GC-GRU: A Hybrid Deep Learning Approach for Shield Attitude Prediction Based on a Spatial–Temporal Graph

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Authors

WLWen LiuJCJia Ao ChenSWShanshan Wang

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Overview

A hybrid approach predicts shield attitude deviations in tunnel construction, suggesting enhanced accuracy for adaptive control technology.

Key Points

  • To develop an effective model for predicting shield attitude deviations during tunnel construction.
  • Proposed ST-GC-GRU model utilizing spatial-temporal graphs and GCNs.
  • Applied time decomposition technique for better representation of attitude changes.
  • Compared performance with seven existing prediction models using real data tests.
  • ST-GC-GRU model demonstrates superior prediction performance compared to traditional methods.
  • Achieved improvements in predictions during significant attitude changes.
  • Outperformed seven other models in accuracy across four attitude deviation values.

Cite This Study

Liu et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/698979d9f0ec2af6756e7c8chttps://doi.org/10.3390/electronics15030711
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