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February 9, 2026The FASEB Journal0 citations

Discovery and Evaluation of SA ‐18 as an Anti‐ Toxoplasma Agent

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HDHuiyu DuWLWanxin LuoHZHongxi Zhang

Key Points

  • The study aims to evaluate the efficacy of SA-18 as a novel treatment against Toxoplasma gondii.
  • Screening of imidocarb derivatives for anti-Toxoplasma activity.
  • Testing 20 synthesized compounds for EC50 against tachyzoites.
  • Transcriptomic analysis to assess metabolic pathways in the parasite.
  • In vivo studies using murine models to evaluate parasite load reduction.
  • SA-18 showed nanomolar EC50 against tachyzoites and significant inhibition of bradyzoite differentiation.
  • Demonstrated > 100-fold selectivity index compared to current therapies.
  • Transcriptomic analysis indicated dysregulation in metabolic pathways and downregulation of the bradyzoite marker BAG1.
  • In vivo studies resulted in significant reduction of parasite load, though survival rates were suboptimal.

Abstract

ABSTRACT Toxoplasma gondii , a globally prevalent apicomplexan parasite, causes severe morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised individuals and livestock. Current therapies exhibit limited efficacy against chronic bradyzoite stages and face drug resistance. Here, we screened imidocarb and its derivatives for anti‐ Toxoplasma activity. Among 20 synthesized compounds, squaramide derivative 18 (SA‐18) emerged as a promising candidate with nanomolar EC 50 against tachyzoites, potent inhibition of bradyzoite differentiation, and > 100‐fold selectivity index. Transcriptomic analysis revealed transcriptional dysregulation in parasite metabolic pathways and downregulation of bradyzoite marker BAG1. In vivo studies exhibited significant parasite load reduction in murine models, albeit with suboptimal survival rates. These findings highlight SA‐18 as a novel candidate for toxoplasmosis therapy, warranting further optimization for clinical translation.

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Cite This Study

Du et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69897a06f0ec2af6756e828bhttps://doi.org/10.1096/fj.202502937r
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