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February 9, 2026Geophysical Research LettersOpen Access

Topside Ionospheric Ambipolar Diffusion Derived From ICON Observations

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Authors

RDRongjin DuLLLibo LiuZMZhixiong Ma

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Overview

This analysis reveals ambipolar diffusion characteristics in the ionosphere, suggesting new insights for theoretical models.

Key Points

  • To analyze topside ionospheric ambipolar diffusion and its physical processes using ICON observations.
  • Utilized field-aligned ion drifts and neutral wind data from the ICON satellite.
  • Conducted a comprehensive analysis of observed ambipolar diffusion.
  • Examined variations by magnetic latitude (MLAT) within ±10°.
  • Identified the influence of the equatorial fountain effect on diffusion.
  • Ambipolar diffusion shows a distinct evening enhancement within ±10° MLAT.
  • A boundary exists near ±10° MLAT separating diffusion-dominated regions.
  • Neutral winds contribute to field-aligned drifts but are less influential than diffusion.
  • The equatorial fountain effect enhances winter-hemisphere transport.

Cite This Study

Du et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69897a86f0ec2af6756e8aa8https://doi.org/10.1029/2025gl119039
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