Testing of spring barley lines of Belarusian breeding in the conditions of the Kursk region

A comparative assessment of the economically valuable properties of spring barley lines bred in Belarus under the soil and climatic conditions of the Kursk Region was conducted in order to identify sources of valuable traits in breeding for obtaining stable yields of high-quality barley in the Central Black Earth Region. The experiments were carried out in 2020–2023 in the FSBSI Kursk FARC on five lines of spring barley in comparison with the standard Zu Suren variety and the Sudzales variety in a competitive variety test in a sixfold repetition. Observations and records were carried out according to the Methodology of the state variety testing. The indicators of ecological adaptability of variety samples by yield were calculated according to the methods of S.A. Eberhart, W.A. Russel (b, S), according to the method of A.A. Rossiell, J. Hemblin (Y - Y, (Y + Y)/2), according to V.V. Hangildin (H, S), according to E.D. Netvevich (PUSS). On average, over the years of research, the highest yield (4,84 t/ha), the highest productive stem (573 pcs/m), high resistance to lodging (4,8 points), field resistance to dusty smut, powdery mildew, maximum protein content in grain (15.9%) and high in nature (690 g/dm) was detected at the ZSB6110498 line. According to the productive bushiness of 3.3 pcs/plant, the ZSB6130175 line stood out. The ZSB6120713 line has the highest weight of 1,000 grains (51.8 g). Favorable conditions for crop formation developed in 2022 (environmental conditions index 0.60). The ZSB6110498 line had the highest stability and environmental adaptability (S = 0.09, (Y + Y)/2 = 4.72, H = 155.86, S = 3.38). It reacted less to changes in environmental conditions (b = 0.98) than lines ZSB6120713 (b = 1.13) and line YAY27/05 (b = 1.08). The ZSB6130175 line had high stability indicators, but the yield was at the standard level. The lines ZSB6110498 and ZSB6130175 should be used as sources of valuable traits in the breeding of spring barley in the conditions of the Central Chernozem region.