The article presents the results of research on identifying the characteristics and degree of wear of the working surface of the universal arrow-shaped cultivator blade for flat-cut tillage on traction resistance and specific resistance to loosening. As a result of the analysis of the factors affecting the wear process, the features of the interaction of the arrow-shaped blade with the soil were identified, and the wear of the arrow-shaped blade was assessed from an operational point of view, taking into account the technological process, working conditions, and angular parameters of the arrow-shaped blade. During the loosening process, when the cultivated layer is separated from the soil mass, the toe of the blade experiences the greatest load. The lateral cutting edges, following the disturbed soil structure, experience less resistance and continue the loosening process. The resistance forces create pressure on the cutting edges of the plow, resulting in friction forces. The intensity of wear depends on several factors, including the dullness of the plow’s cutting edges, the physical and mechanical properties of the soil determine the coefficient of friction between the soil and steel, the cutting angle (the angle of the plow), and other factors. The full wear zone of the plow’s toe extends 27 mm from the top of the angle, and the intensity of wear on the side cutting edges gradually decreases as it moves away from the top. The wear zone in the middle section ends at a distance of 67 mm from the top of the angle when measured along the plow’s axis. The wear zone on the side edges extends further, but with less intensity, up to a distance of 110–115 mm from the top of the angle. According to the results of experimental studies on the effect of paw bluntness on the traction force, it was found that when the paw wear increases by 75 %, the traction force and the specific resistance coefficient increase by 19 % and 8 %, respectively.
O.N. Didmanidze (2025) studied this question.