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February 12, 2026JAMA Network Open0 citationsOpen Access

Air Pollution Effects on Physical Function Limitations in Aging Adults

Air Pollution and the Progression of Physical Function Limitations and Disability in Aging Adults

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Authors

JGJiaqi GaoCLCarlos F. Mendes de LeonASAdam A. Szpiro

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Overview

Cohort study investigates air pollution impact on disability transitions in aging adults, suggesting potential modifiers to improve outcomes.

Key Points

  • To examine the role of air pollution as a modifiable risk factor influencing the transitions in physical disability states among aging adults.
  • Cohort study design using data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS).
  • Participants were adults over 50, assessed across multiple interviews from 2000 to 2016.
  • Air pollution exposure calculated from residential address data using spatiotemporal models.
  • Increased PM 2.5, PM 10-2.5, and NO 2 levels linked to higher risks of moving from no limitations to disability.
  • Conversely, higher O 3 levels associated with lower risks of transitioning to disability states.
  • The hazard ratio for PM 2.5 indicating increased risk of decline in physical function (HR 1.06).
  • Ozone showed a protective effect, with hazard ratios suggesting less risk of disability transitions (HR 0.92 for physical function limitations).
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Cite This Study

Gao et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/698d6f0d5be6419ac0d551d3https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.58699
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