Theoretical Foundations of Accounts Receivable Management in Public Companies: Modern Concepts and Approaches

This publication examines the theoretical foundations and models for managing accounts receivable and analyzes the challenges associated with their application within the Bulgarian economic context. Based on a systematic review of classical and modern theories the need for a balanced and strategically grounded receivables management policy is emphasized. The aim of the publication is to identify the main barriers to the effective application of these models in Bulgaria. Among them are limited financial reporting transparency, delayed payments along the supply chain, and weaknesses in the regulatory and institutional framework. The study also analyzes theoretically grounded indicators such as DSO (Days Sales Outstanding), accounts receivable turnover, and collection ratio, as well as methods for assessing customer creditworthiness. In conclusion, the paper highlights that the application of theoretical models is feasible but requires adaptation to local conditions and improvements in the business environment. The research supports the thesis that theoretical principles can serve as an effective management tool when combined with practices that take into account the specific institutional and economic realities in Bulgaria.