Multi-low-frequency wide-bandgap and vibration attenuation characteristics of elastic multi-resonator locally resonant metamaterial plate

Traditional single-resonator locally resonant metamaterial plate (LRMP) often suffer from narrow bandgap and limited low-frequency vibration control capabilities. This study proposes an elastic multi-resonator locally resonant metamaterial plate (MLRMP) to overcome these limitations. By integrating multiple graded resonators, the MLRMP achieves multiple adjacent low-frequency bandgaps within 0–300 Hz, significantly widening the total bandgap width. The improved plane wave expansion method (IPWEM) combined with finite element analysis (FEM) is employed to investigate dispersion relations, bandgap mechanisms, and elastic wave propagation characteristics. The multi-degree-of-freedom mass-spring model is established for efficient bandgap prediction. Parametric studies reveal the influences of resonator arrangement, quantity, and grading on bandgap behavior. Vibration transmission analyses demonstrate that the MLRMP achieves substantial attenuation for flexural vibrations across various structural configurations, confirming its superior low-frequency broadband vibration suppression performance and engineering adaptability.