Therapeutic potential of Lonicera japonica Thunb. in inflammation: mechanistic insights from molecular targets

Inflammation is a complex biological response essential for tissue repair in acute settings, yet chronic dysregulation contributes to progressive tissue damage and the pathogenesis of numerous diseases. Lonicera japonica Thunb. (honeysuckle), a traditional Chinese medicinal herb renowned for its “heat clearing and detoxifying” properties, exhibits multi-target anti-inflammatory activity through synergistic modulation of inflammatory signaling cascades. This review systematically consolidates current knowledge regarding the anti-inflammatory bioactive components of honeysuckle and provides comprehensive insights into their therapeutic mechanisms. We focus on molecular targets, elucidating how honeysuckle constituents regulate key inflammatory pathways, thus offering a foundation for developing Lonicera japonica -based therapeutics against inflammation-driven pathologies. Additionally, we critically evaluate the challenges and limitations in translating these findings into clinical applications.