Role of animal models in advancing Biomedical Research and Therapeutic Innovation

A living organism functions as an animal model when it enables research into standard biological and behavioural operation or spontaneous and generated disease processes or identical biological events between species or human samples. Needless to say, research using non-human animal’s dates back in time to understand human biology and improve human health. Scientists utilize the animal model with non-human subjects because it reproduces conditions that match human disease progression and detection methods and therapeutic approaches. To select the optimal animal model researchers, need extensive expertise in particular species and breeds for evaluating how well the model represents clinical conditions and the selected measures. The study of the 2019 Coronavirus disease pathogenesis relies on primate and rodent and porcine models to monitor infection pathways and therapeutic method development. Research in different animal species is necessary before human testing takes place for worldwide medical issues including diabetes, obesity, neurological disorders, pain management, rehabilitation medicine and surgical techniques. Research utilizing animal models helps identify pathogenic forces of intervertebral disc diseases together with cancer diseases alongside genetic disorders and EC therefore requiring specific animal models as research tools in order to better grasp the defect processes of each condition while evaluating new therapeutic effectiveness. The review investigates important aspects of animal model utilization under optimal conditions to direct upcoming research endeavors. Keywords: Animal models, Biomedical research, Preclinical studies, Disease modelling, Therapeutic development, genetically modified animals, Ethical guidelines, Translational research.