Comparative Study of Gender Disparity in The MediterraneanZone: A Gender Approach in The Socio-Economic andPolitical Contexts of Morocco, Portugal and Spain

In recent years, Morocco has carried out a number of actions and reforms to encourage women to play a greater role in the country's social, ‎political, and economic progress. In 2004, it adopted a new constitution that guarantees gender equality. The constitution lays the legal foundations for promoting gender equality and women's rights. The program to support universal preschool education and the reform of the ‎family code (Moudawana) has had a positive effect on girls' education. Microcredit has been developed by the microcredit program to support women's entrepreneurship and economic empowerment. Morocco has devoted funds to the education of girls and women, particularly ‎in rural areas, to improve their access to education and enhance their skills. In 2005, the (INDH) launched awareness campaigns to combat ‎violence against women and promote gender equality.‎ Although Morocco has undertaken reforms and initiatives to promote gender equality and involve women more fully in the country's social, ‎political, and economic development, analyses and studies by international bodies rank it very low. In this work, we examine the Global ‎Gender Gap Report (GGGR) and other similar studies to find and identify areas of weakness and improvement, while comparing with Portugal and Spain‎.