Ayurvedic Approach in the Management of Anxiety and Depression: A Conceptual Review

Anxiety and depression are among the most prevalent mental health disorders worldwide, significantly affecting quality of life and productivity. In modern medicine, these conditions are managed primarily through pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy; however, long-term use of psychotropic drugs is often associated with adverse effects and dependency issues. Ayurveda offers a holistic and individualized approach to mental health through the concepts of Manas, Manasika Dosha (Rajas and Tamas), Tridosha, and Satva. Anxiety and depression can be correlated with conditions such as Chittodvega, Vishada, and Kaphaja-Vataja Unmada as described in classical Ayurvedic texts. The etiopathogenesis of these disorders involves disturbances of Manasika Dosha along with Sharirika Dosha, Agni, and Ojas. Ayurveda management emphasizes Nidana Parivarjana, Daivavyapashraya, Yuktivyapashraya, and Satvavajaya Chikitsa, along with the use of Medhya Rasayana, Panchakarma therapies, diet, lifestyle modifications, and ethical conduct (Sadvritta). This conceptual review aims to analyze the Ayurvedic understanding of anxiety and depression and highlight the holistic management strategies described in classical texts with relevant modern correlations. The integrative Ayurvedic approach may offer a safe, effective, and sustainable alternative or complementary therapy for managing anxiety and depression.