What does this research mean for the field?

A novel partial microduplication in the MID1 gene is associated with unique phenotypic features in a child with X-linked Opitz G/BBB syndrome. Novelty: ClaimNovelty.NOVEL_FINDING. Consensus alignment: ConsensusAlignment.NEUTRAL.

What question did this study set out to answer?

To report a novel MID1 gene microduplication in a child with Opitz G/BBB syndrome and associated phenotypic features.

February 19, 2026Open Access

A Rare Case of a Child with X-linked Opitz G/BBB Syndrome Caused by a Novel Partial Microduplication in the MID1 gene: Implications for Genetic Diagnosis.

Puntos clave

To report a novel MID1 gene microduplication in a child with Opitz G/BBB syndrome and associated phenotypic features.
Case report of a 2-year-old male with congenital anomalies and developmental delay.
Family history analysis indicating X-linked inheritance.
Clinical evaluation including growth and developmental assessments.
Identification of a novel MID1 duplication involving exons 1-3.
Associated with rectovesical fistula, oligohydramnios, and other congenital anomalies.
Highlights need for MID1 testing in males with atypical midline defects.

Resumen

Background: Opitz G/BBB syndrome (XLOS) is a rare X-linked recessive disorder caused by mutations in MID1gene, characterized by midline congenital anomalies. Here we report a novelMID1duplication associated with unique phenotypic features. Case Presentation: A 2-year-old Saudi male had prenatally oligohydramnios and was born with rectovesical fistula, hypospadias, anorectal malformation, and congenital heart defects (ASD/PDA). Family history revealedan X-linked inheritance pattern (multiple affected maternal male relatives). He also exhibited developmental delay and growth parameters below the 3rd percentile Conclusion: This is the first report of a MID1 duplicationinvolving exons 13, associated withrectovesical fistulaandoligohydramnios, broadening the phenotypic spectrum of XLOS. We recommendthat MID1 testing be considered in males with atypical midline defects (including urogenital anomalies) and prenatal testingshould be offered for at-risk pregnancies.

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