To improve the prediction of heavy rainfall events, it is beneficial to establish a link between the characteristics of typhoon tracks and typhoon-induced rainfall. In this study, self-organizing maps are used to classify the typhoon tracks that influence Japan from 1988 to 2022 into ten relatively robust classes based on selecting geometric features of typhoon tracks, and the spatial patterns of typhoon-induced rainfall are calculated for each class. The results suggest the rainfall patterns in the south and north of 40°N in the domain of Japan and the surrounding oceans are very different in terms of magnitude of extreme rainfall and diversity of patterns. In the region south of 40°N, the rainfall patterns are less diverse with similar locations of hotspots of extreme rainfall across multiple typhoon track classes than in the region north of 40°N where rainfall patterns are generally more diverse. We found the degree of curvature and location of sharp turning of typhoon tracks may influence the typhoon induced rainfall patterns in terms of magnitude and locations of intense rainfall. Moreover, the typhoon tracks are likely to be influenced by different large-scale climate factors south and north of 40°N, such as the western north subtropical high pressure system in the lower to mid latitudes and East Asian jet stream in the higher latitudes.
Mao et al. (Thu,) studied this question.