Objective This study aims to compare the predictive abilities of neural networks and Naive Bayes in forecasting drug–gene interactions of type 4 collagenase in gingival epithelialization. Materials and Methods This study examines drug–gene interactions in type 4 collagen using a dataset encompassing drugs, genes, biochemical activity, mode of action, and molecular activity. Data normalization and handling of missing values are conducted to minimize the influence of larger variables. Machine learning algorithms such as neural networks and Naïve Bayes forecast or categorize drug–gene interactions. The neural network architecture, featuring 10 hidden layers, the ReLU activation function, the Adam optimizer, regularization, and a maximum of 100 iterations, is adept at solving complex problems. Results Naive Bayes demonstrates a high area under the curve of 0.995 and notable classification accuracy (CA), but registers low overall accuracy and F1 score. It outperforms the Neural Network model in accuracy, precision, F1 score, and recall, but exhibits low specificity, potentially leading to elevated false‐positive rates. Conclusion Predictions of drug–gene interactions for type 4 collagen hold promise for understanding biological pathways, identifying drug targets, designing targeted therapies, understanding disease mechanisms, and facilitating personalized medicine. The predictive models employed provide potential applications in personalized medicine, facilitating targeted therapies and disease management strategies. By elucidating biological pathways and drug targets, this research holds promise for advancing clinical interventions and improving patient outcomes in oral health care.
Arya et al. (2026) studied this question.