Rapid urbanisation and industrialisation have significantly increased solid waste generation, creating serious threats to environmental safety and public health. Traditional waste management approaches are proving inadequate, necessitating sustainable strategies that reduce environmental impacts and enhance community well-being. This study examines key sustainable solid waste management (SWM) strategies and evaluates their effectiveness in promoting environmental protection and improving quality of life. Major approaches include integrating circular economy principles, encouraging waste segregation at source, and establishing decentralised waste treatment systems to reduce transportation and landfill burdens. The study also assesses advanced technologies – such as waste-to-energy conversion, anaerobic digestion, and bioremediation – for their environmental benefits, operational feasibility, and potential for wider adoption. Beyond technological solutions, the research highlights the importance of social dimensions, emphasising community participation, awareness, and behavioural change as essential components of successful SWM initiatives. The study concludes with recommendations for policymakers, waste management professionals, and community leaders to effectively implement and scale these strategies through stronger regulations, capacity-building, and community-driven programmes. Overall, the findings underscore the need for a holistic approach that combines innovation, supportive policy frameworks, and active public engagement to build sustainable waste management systems that protect the environment while enhancing community health and quality of life.
Rishi Rana (2026) studied this question.