A key breakthrough is the emergence of cell‑based immunotherapies, bispecific antibodies and next‑generation small molecules that extend beyond adaptive immune targets to modulate innate immunity directly. Collectively, these agents illustrate a unifying concept: successful disease modification will require the synchronous interception of inflammation, fibrotic remodeling and vascular injury rather than approaching these domains independently.
Batani et al. (Sat,) studied this question.