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February 24, 2026Scientific Reports0 citationsOpen Access

Associations of Myocardial Stress Markers With Kidney Function and Chronic Kidney Disease

Longitudinal and cross-sectional associations of myocardial stress markers with kidney function and chronic kidney disease in the BiomarCaRE project

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Why the study?

Are elevated levels of myocardial stress markers (MR-proADM, MR-proANP, NT-proBNP) associated with reduced kidney function and higher prevalence/incidence of chronic kidney disease in the general population?

Population

61,830 participants from the general European population, mean age 51.8 years, 52.1% female. Longitudinal…

Comparison

Elevated levels of myocardial stress markers… vs Lower levels of the same myocardial stress markers

Design

Cohort

Follow-up

mean 11.1 ± 2.49 years (for longitudinal analysis)

Key result

Higher levels of NT-proBNP were associated with a 2.35 ml/min/1.73m2 lower eGFR (per 1 SD increase) and a 1.81-fold higher odds of prevalent CKD cross-sectionally, and with a 1.37 ml/min/1.73m2 faster 10-year eGFR decline and 1.39-fold higher risk of incident CKD longitudinally in a European general adult population.

Authors

JLJie-sheng LinTZTanja ZellerWKWolfgang Koenig

Discussion

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Overview

NT-proBNP may flag higher CKD risk in general adults; extends prior cardio-renal associations longitudinally but leaves causality open.

Key Points

  • The aim was to examine the relationships between myocardial stress markers and kidney function in chronic kidney disease.
  • Conducted cross-sectional analyses with up to 61,830 participants and longitudinal analyses with 4,205 individuals.
  • Assessed kidney function using estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) from creatinine and cystatin C.
  • Categorized myocardial stress markers into four groups for analysis.
  • Higher levels of MR-proADM, MR-proANP, and NT-proBNP were associated with lower eGFR and increased CKD prevalence.
  • A SD increase in NT-proBNP was linked to a decline of -2.35 ml/min/1.73m² in eGFR.
  • Participants with higher NT-proBNP had a 5.72-fold greater chance of having CKD.

Study Design

Type

Observational (n=61,830)

Multicenter

Yes

Structured PICO

Are elevated levels of myocardial stress markers (MR-proADM, MR-proANP, NT-proBNP) associated with reduced kidney function and higher prevalence/incidence of chronic kidney disease in the general population?

P
Population
61,830 participants from the general European population (BiomarCaRE project), mean age 51.8 years, 52.1% female. Longitudinal analysis included 4,205 individuals.
I
Intervention
Elevated levels of myocardial stress markers: mid-regional pro-adrenomedullin (MR-proADM), MR-pro-atrial natriuretic peptide (MR-proANP), and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP)
C
Comparator
Lower levels of the same myocardial stress markers (e.g., lowest group/quartile or per 1 standard deviation decrease)
O
Outcome
Kidney function assessed by estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and prevalence/incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD, defined as eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73m2)surrogate

Higher levels of myocardial stress markers (MR-proADM, MR-proANP, and NT-proBNP) are significantly associated with lower kidney function and higher prevalence and incidence of chronic kidney disease in the general population.

Main Result

Effect estimate: Cross-sectional: For each 1 SD increase in log-transformed NT-proBNP, eGFRcr-cys decreased by 2.35 ml/min/1.73m2; Odds ratio (OR) for prevalent CKDcr-cys was 1.81 (95% CI 1.72–1.90); Highest NT-proBNP group (≥300 pg/ml) had OR 5.72 (95% CI 4.82–6.78) vs lowest group (<48 pg/ml). Longitudinal: For each 1 SD increase in log-transformed NT-proBNP, 10-year decline in eGFRcr-cys was –1.37 ml/min/1.73m2 (95% CI –1.77 to –0.98); Hazard ratio (HR) for incident CKDcr-cys was 1.39 (95% CI 1.20–1.62); Highest NT-proBNP group had HR 4.40 (95% CI 2.63–7.36) vs lowest group. (95% CI As stated above.)

p-value: p=All associations statistically significant with p<0.05, many p<0.001

Limitations

  • Longitudinal data only available for NT-proBNP and limited to one cohort with 4205 participants
  • Only baseline NT-proBNP measured longitudinally, lacking data on marker changes over time
  • Definition of CKD based on single eGFR measurement without confirmatory repeated testing could lead to misclassification
  • MR-proANP and MR-proADM analyses were cross-sectional only and in smaller subsamples
  • Lack of uniform data on albuminuria, HbA1c, medication classes, and inflammatory markers may confound results
  • Study conducted in general population with diverse cohorts, limiting ability to define clinical cutoff values for these biomarkers
  • Possible residual confounding by unmeasured variables despite adjustments and sensitivity analyses
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Cite This Study

Lin et al. (2026) conducted an observational in General adult population from Europe with variable cardiovascular disease and diabetes status, assessed for kidney function and chronic kidney disease (n=61,830). Higher levels of myocardial stress markers (NT-proBNP, MR-proANP, MR-proADM) vs. Lower levels of these markers (group 1) was evaluated on Kidney function measured by estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFRcr-cys) and prevalence/incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKDcr-cys defined as eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73m2) (Cross-sectional: For each 1 SD increase in log-transformed NT-proBNP, eGFRcr-cys decreased by 2.35 ml/min/1.73m2; Odds ratio (OR) for prevalent CKDcr-cys was 1.81 (95% CI 1.72–1.90); Highest NT-proBNP group (≥300 pg/ml) had OR 5.72 (95% CI 4.82–6.78) vs lowest group (<48 pg/ml). Longitudinal: For each 1 SD increase in log-transformed NT-proBNP, 10-year decline in eGFRcr-cys was –1.37 ml/min/1.73m2 (95% CI –1.77 to –0.98); Hazard ratio (HR) for incident CKDcr-cys was 1.39 (95% CI 1.20–1.62); Highest NT-proBNP group had HR 4.40 (95% CI 2.63–7.36) vs lowest group., 95% CI As stated above., p=All associations statistically significant with p<0.05, many p<0.001). Higher levels of NT-proBNP were associated with a 2.35 ml/min/1.73m2 lower eGFR (per 1 SD increase) and a 1.81-fold higher odds of prevalent CKD cross-sectionally, and with a 1.37 ml/min/1.73m2 faster 10-year eGFR decline and 1.39-fold higher risk of incident CKD longitudinally in a European general adult population.

synapsesocial.com/papers/699d3fc8de8e28729cf647a7https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-37377-2
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