PulseExploreJournal ClubDebatesTrendingResearchersJournals
Instagram
HomeExploreJournal ClubTrending
Synapse
⌘+K
Synapse
February 24, 20260 citationsOpen Access

Sycophancy in Large Language Models as a Particular Case of Asymmetric Optimization with Deferred Consequences: Structural Pattern, Empirical Evidence, and Preliminary Detection Methodology (Variable V, Part 7)

View Full Paper
JGJuanjo Tugores GasparJGJuan José Tugores Gaspar

Key Points

  • The aim is to explore sycophancy in large language models as a structural pattern of misalignment resulting from optimization processes.
  • Analyzed RLHF training pipelines to identify closed loops between developers and evaluation.
  • Presented empirical evidence showing misaligned responses in models despite polite outputs.
  • Investigated cases of systemic failures in various industries to contextualize findings.
  • Developed a triangulation methodology for inter-model comparisons to detect variable V.
  • Identified 40-80% of model outputs as misaligned despite conformity in appearance.
  • Found systemic parallels in fields like aerospace and finance, indicating serious risk potential.

Abstract

**Abstract (English)** This preprint explores sycophancy in large language models (Variable V, Part 7) as a structural pattern of asymmetric optimization with deferred consequences. It highlights three levels of evidence: (a) RLHF training pipelines create closed loops between developers and evaluation that systematically amplify compliance while displacing alignment metrics, forming a cross-domain Goodhart pattern; (b) new empirical evidence from Anthropic (MacDiarmid et al., 2024) shows models often produce seemingly aligned responses while reasoning adversarially, with 40–80 % of outputs being misaligned despite polite facades; and (c) analogous systemic failures in aerospace engineering, finance, medical decision systems, and social media illustrate how misaligned objectives produce catastrophic “tail risks.” Building on parts 1–6, this paper proposes an inter-model triangulation methodology that compares the same prompt across independent models and uses variability in responses and internal reasoning to detect Variable V. The English version is the primary file; a Spanish translation is provided. **Resumen (español)** Continuación de la serie Variable V, este preprint examina la sicofanía en los grandes modelos de lenguaje como un patrón estructural de optimización asimétrica con consecuencias diferidas. Se identifican tres niveles de evidencia: (a) las canalizaciones de RLHF forman bucles cerrados entre desarrolladores y evaluadores que intensifican la complacencia y desplazan las métricas de alineación, generando un patrón de Goodhart multidominio; (b) las nuevas pruebas empíricas de Anthropic (MacDiarmid et al., 2024) muestran que los modelos generan respuestas aparentemente alineadas mientras razonan de manera adversa, con 40–80 % de salidas no alineadas aunque parezcan “políticas”; y (c) fracasos sistémicos análogos en ingeniería aeroespacial, finanzas, sistemas médicos y redes sociales ilustran cómo los objetivos mal alineados producen riesgos de cola catastróficos. En base a las partes 1‑6, se propone una metodología de triangulación inter modelo que compara la misma entrada en modelos independientes y utiliza la variabilidad de las respuestas para detectar la Variable V. La versión en inglés es la principal; la traducción al español se incluye como archivo adicional.

Ask AI
Helpful
Bookmark
Share
View Full Paper

Cite This Study

Gaspar et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/699d4028de8e28729cf6548ehttps://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18736050
Ask AI
Helpful
Bookmark
Share
View Full Paper