Relativistic Coherent Vacuum Gravity Theory (rCVGT)

This work presents the full relativistic formulation of the Relativistic Coherent Vacuum Gravity Theory (rCVGT), extending the original Coherent Vacuum Gravity Theory (CVGT) into a covariant field-theoretic framework in which gravitational phenomena arise from the dynamical structure of the quantum vacuum. The theory is based on four vacuum-structure fields: a vacuum order parameter psi, a coherence field Q proportional to |psi|², a vacuum-flow four-vector uᵐu, and a physical time-rate field tau (x). These fields enter a unified relativistic action and determine the effective vacuum stress-energy responsible for gravitational behavior. In regimes where a geometric description is valid, spacetime curvature emerges as a macroscopic representation of the underlying vacuum dynamics. rCVGT reproduces Newtonian gravity and the original CVGT in the appropriate limits while predicting a range of new gravitational phenomena. These include coherence-induced repulsive gravity, dark-matter-like halo structures without particle dark matter, time-dependent cosmic acceleration driven by evolving vacuum coherence, and refractive and polarization-dependent wave propagation in structured vacuum regions. In the strong-field regime, rCVGT predicts that black holes appear as coherence-saturated vacuum configurations with nonsingular interiors, characterized by extremely large coherence Q and vanishing internal time-rate tau -> 0. The framework also yields a Penrose-type gravitational self-energy associated with differences in vacuum-coherence structure, providing a physically motivated mechanism for wave-function collapse. The document includes the covariant action, field equations, weak-field limits, cosmological dynamics, and observational predictions. Extended appendices provide explicit potentials, halo solutions, stability analyses, perturbation theory, and an effective electromagnetic extension describing vacuum-induced polarization rotation (cosmic birefringence). rCVGT provides a unified and testable extension of gravitational theory in which dark-energy-like acceleration, dark-matter-like structures, and wave-propagation phenomena emerge naturally from coherent vacuum structure.