Lactobionic Acid: A Multifunctional Polyhydroxy Acid in Dermatology and Biomedical Applications

Lactobionic acid (LBA) is a polyhydroxy acid (PHA) derived from the oxidation of lactose, comprising galactose and gluconic acid units. Its unique combination of exfoliating, moisturizing, antioxidant, and chelating properties, coupled with excellent biocompatibility, has garnered significant attention in dermatology, cosmetics, and biomedical fields. This review delves into the chemical structure, mechanisms of action, and diverse applications of LBA, highlighting its potential in skin care, organ preservation, drug delivery, and food technology.