DC Fault Protection Algorithms of MMC-HVDC Lines

This report explores fault protection algorithms for Modular Multilevel Converter(MMC) based High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) grids, focusing on detailedfault analysis and methodologies for handling DC faults. DC faults in HVDCsystems can lead to severe disruptions, making robust protection mechanismsessential. This study covers the types of DC faults, their impacts on HVDCsystems, and the various methodologies used for fault detection, isolation, andrecovery. Additionally, the report compares different protection algorithms anddiscusses the practical challenges in implementing these solutions. The aim is toprovide a comprehensive overview that serves as a foundation for further researchand practical applications in HVDC grid protection.