Editorial: INSPIRE—Improving Nature-Smart Policies Through Innovative Resilient Evaluations

The real estate appraisal sector is undergoing a profound transformation, shifting from traditional financial metrics toward multidisciplinary approaches that integrate civil engineering, territorial and environmental analysis, and advanced econometric modeling. This evolution addresses the hidden risks in so-called “zombie assets” and supports sustainable investment decisions. The INSPIRE Open Topic explores innovative methodologies to translate qualitative aspects—such as governance, environmental exposure, and social equity—into robust quantitative frameworks for both private and public decision-making. Fuzzy logic has emerged as a key tool for quantifying qualitative judgments, enhancing the transparency and reliability of ESG assessments. Empirical evidence shows that these approaches provide a realistic representation of risk, guide resilient urban strategies, and lay the foundation for scalable, sustainable, and transparent real estate evaluation.