This paper presents the numerical results of a turbulent vortex in wave–current boundary layers, based on Large Eddy Simulations. Rough wall flow problems have always been a research hotspot in the field of fluid mechanics. The turbulent vortex structure within wave–current boundary layers is of great significance for the study of flow characteristics. However, little is known about turbulent vortices in combined wave–current flows. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the differences in the average velocity profile when waves are superimposed on turbulence compared to when waves and turbulence exist independently, and to demonstrate the evolution process of the turbulent vortex structure formed when waves are superimposed on turbulence. The study adopted rough wall simulations and verified the computational results. The findings indicate that under rough wall conditions, stronger secondary flows and turbulent vortex structures are formed within the boundary layer, and an increase in roughness enhances the turbulence intensity within the boundary layer. Additionally, the impact of wall height on the flow structure cannot be overlooked. This paper also presents the evolution process of the turbulent vortex structure within wave–current boundary layers, providing new insights for the study of rough wall flow-related issues. For the interaction of waves and turbulence under rough wall conditions, high-precision numerical discretization schemes are adopted to construct a bottom boundary layer numerical model. This is achieved by summarizing the progress of existing conclusions, understanding the research progress of numerical simulation in the wave–current boundary layer, constructing high-precision numerical discretization schemes, establishing a physical model of the studied problem and abstracting it into a mechanical model, establishing the entire geometric shape and its spatial influence area, performing spatial grid division, adding the initial conditions required for the solution, and selecting the LES algorithm.
Zhou et al. (Sat,) studied this question.