The cascade utilization of spectral beam splitting represents an effective method for enhancing the efficiency of solar energy utilization. However, most research has been conducted under stable conditions, and the impacts across different climatic zones have not been taken into account. Therefore, this paper investigates an innovative distributed energy system utilizing full-spectrum solar cascade in three different climate zones. A full-spectrum solar model is established in MATLAB 2023, and the corresponding photovoltaic model files are invoked in the TRNSYS 18. After operation, the performance of full-spectrum frequency division solar energy is obtained. The equivalent carbon emissions (ECE), self-sufficiency ratio (SS), self-consumption ratio (SC) and levelized cost of energy (LCOE) are adopted as indicators to assess the environmental, energy and economic benefits of each system. The results show that the net present value (NPV) in Chengdu is the highest (186,674.19 USD), while that in Beijing is the lowest (171,458.75 USD), and that in Guangzhou is in the middle (180,650.23 USD). After optimization, Beijing achieves the lowest LCOE and the highest SS, Guangzhou achieves the highest SC and the lowest ECE, Chengdu achieves a balanced configuration where moderate on-site generation meets nearly half of the total demand.
Zeng et al. (Sat,) studied this question.