Abstract Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly being incorporated into military decision making in the form of decision-support systems (DSS). Such systems may offer data-informed suggestions to those responsible for making decisions regarding the resort to force. While DSS are not new in military contexts, we argue that AI-enabled DSS are sources of additional complexity in an already complex resort-to-force decision-making process that – by its very nature – presents the dual potential for both strategic stability and harm. We present three categories of complexity relevant to AI – interactive and nonlinear complexity, software complexity, and dynamic complexity – and examine how such categories introduce or exacerbate risks in resort-to-force decision-making. We then provide policy recommendations that aim to mitigate some of these risks in practice.
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Assaad et al. (Wed,) studied this question.
www.synapsesocial.com/papers/69a75abfc6e9836116a20fa2 — DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/cfl.2025.10026
Zena Assaad
Elizabeth Williams
Australian National University
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