Battery Energy Storage Overview : Applications, Potential Challenges and Future Perspective

In recent years, there has been a notable global increase in the adoption of Battery Energy Storage (BES). This trend is driven by significant reductions in battery manufacturing costs, improved battery performance, and the growing importance of sustainable energy generation systems, alongside global efforts to reduce harmful emissions. This article aims to provide a comprehensive and independent overview of BES, including battery classification. It also explores the diverse applications of BES across generation, transmission, and distribution levels. While emphasizing the significant benefits of BES, the article identifies a number of potential challenges, particularly those related to cost reduction for manufacturers, as well as administrative issues faced by stakeholders such as electric utilities. Additionally, it highlights technical challenges that affect both manufacturers and stakeholders. The article suggests potential future directions to address these challenges, including reducing electricity costs for consumers, fostering a competitive electricity market, and decreasing emissions from traditional generation units by optimizing battery usage. Finally, the article encourages further research into the integration of electric vehicles as mobile storage systems particularly with the advent of smart appliances which are used for energy management in power grids.