Examining the influence of dental instrument noise on pain, stress, annoyance, and fear in patients undergoing dental treatment

Objective: This study investigates the association of dental instrument noise with patients’ experiences of pain, stress, annoyance, and fear during dental procedures. This research seeks to provide a deeper understanding of the role of auditory stimuli in shaping patient experiences. Method: This cross-sectional study involved 235 participants referred to dental clinics. Patients’ noise exposure during treatment was measured using a calibrated dosimeter in accordance with ISO 9612 standard methods. Participants completed questionnaires assessing demographic information, noise sensitivity, and psychological responses, including pain, stress, fear, and annoyance, following treatments. Finally, a hypothesis model was constructed and tested using structural equation modeling. Results: The findings indicated that noise exposure was directly associated with higher annoyance (coefficient = 0.231), fear (coefficient = 0.184), and pain (coefficient = 0.146). Indirect pathways suggesting mediation through pain, fear, and stress were associated with higher annoyance. Sensitivity exhibited a moderate direct effect on fear (coefficient = 0.321), with its indirect influence on annoyance occurring through other independent variables, indirectly. Conclusion: Dental noise was significantly associated with patients’ psychological responses, particularly annoyance, pain, stress, and fear. Individual susceptibility also plays a crucial role in patient reactions. Implementing noise reduction strategies, such as utilizing quieter equipment and providing pre-treatment educational interventions, is essential for enhancing patient experiences in dental settings. Practice Implications: This study highlights the need for dental practices to implement noise reduction strategies, educate patients about auditory stimuli, and personalize care based on individual noise sensitivity. These measures can significantly enhance patient comfort and reduce psychological distress during dental treatments.