Passiflora edulis peel-bioinspired nanosilver/activated carbon-chitosan hydrogel beads - a low-cost, recyclable and robust catalyst for methyl orange reduction

Key Points

• Methyl orange reduction improved by 85% with the hydrogel catalyst in tests lasting 120 minutes.
• The hydrogels, made from Passiflora edulis peel, activated carbon, and chitosan, offer a low-cost recycling option.
• Catalytic performance evaluated through batch studies indicates robust functionality for wastewater treatment applications.
• With effective methyl orange reduction, these biobased hydrogel beads present a sustainable option for environmental remediation.