Theoretical Modeling and Calculation of the Effectiveness of Using a Vault Breaker in a Bunker

This paper discusses important issues of modeling and optimizing the operation of arch crushers, devices designed to loosen caked material in bunkers, which is an urgent task in the mining, construction and processing industries. The relevance of the study is due to the need to increase the efficiency of unloading processes, as well as reduce energy costs and increase equipment productivity. Mathematical models based on the theory of cutting forces and the mechanics of bulk media were developed and analyzed in the work, which made it possible to form analytical expressions for the acting forces, moments and power spent on loosening the material. The article examines in detail the influence of design and operating parameters (length of working bodies, feed rate, angular rotation speed and cross-sectional dimensions) on the energy performance of the device and its efficiency. The power dependence on these parameters has been analyzed, and optimal ranges have been identified to minimize energy costs while maintaining high unloading efficiency. The physico-mechanical properties of materials such as density, friction and traceability are also taken into account, which expands the possibilities of practical adaptation of models to various operating conditions. The results obtained contribute to a more accurate design and increase the efficiency of arch breakers, as well as expand their prospects for use in various technological and production conditions