Foliose lichen diversity and antibacterial activity of Parmotrema cristiferum against ESKAPE pathogens from Capintalan, Carranglan, Nueva Ecija, Philippines

Key Points

• Lichen diversity reveals various species, with Parmotrema cristiferum showing strong antibacterial activity against ESKAPE pathogens.
• In vitro tests indicate that Parmotrema cristiferum effectively inhibits growth of at least two ESKAPE pathogens.
• Biological screening was performed to assess the antibacterial properties of lichen extracts against selected pathogens.
• These findings highlight the potential for utilizing natural sources like lichens in developing new antibiotics.