Kinetic characteristics and emission reduction potential of gaseous pollutants during thermal treatment of decommissioned photovoltaic modules with different encapsulants

Key Points

• Gaseous pollutants are significantly reduced during thermal treatment of encapsulated photovoltaic modules, supporting environmental safety.
• Kinetic characteristics indicating reaction rates were derived from various encapsulants, with notable differences in emissions.
• Assessment using thermal treatment methods evaluated encapsulant types across multiple photovoltaic modules.
• This work suggests viable techniques to reduce pollutants during module disposal—highlighting potential environmental impacts.