Antibacterial resistance in urinary samples from long term care-facility and community-dwelling older people in Gauteng, South Africa

LTCF residence was independently associated with higher AMR in several common urinary pathogens. These findings suggest that empirical UTI regimens commonly used in community-dwelling older adults may be inadequate for LTCF residents. Setting-specific antibiograms, improved diagnostic stewardship, and strengthened AMS interventions are needed to support appropriate prescribing. Further studies incorporating patient-level clinical factors are warranted to refine empirical treatment recommendations for older adults across care settings.