Consumer Behaviour and Infrastructure Challenges in the Adoption of Battery Electric Vehicles in Slovakia

Electromobility plays a crucial role in the EU’s decarbonisation strategy, aiming to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the transport sector. Despite these objectives, the adoption of battery electric vehicles (BEVs) in Slovakia remains significantly below the EU average, highlighting economic, infrastructural, and behavioural barriers. This study examines the key challenges limiting BEV adoption, including high acquisition costs, insufficient charging infrastructure, and limited consumer awareness, using a mixed-method approach supported by the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) and the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). While recent investments in charging networks and financial incentives signal progress, affordability and accessibility concerns persist among consumers. The findings underscore the need for strategic policy interventions, enhanced financial incentives, and public awareness campaigns to accelerate BEV adoption and align Slovakia with EU sustainability goals while supporting its transition towards a low-emission transport system.