March 3, 2026Open Access

The adult nasal mucosa is defined by distinct immune profiles that modulate in-vitro SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Key Points

Healthy adults show a distinct immune profile characterized by an IFN-λ3-dominant state, contributing to resistance against SARS-CoV-2 infection.
This study found that a low-inflammatory immune state supports resistance in vitro, demonstrating crucial factors for respiratory virus susceptibility.
Assessment of immune profiles in the adult nasal mucosa highlights how they can modulate responses to respiratory pathogens like SARS-CoV-2.
Understanding these immune mechanisms may improve the effectiveness of mucosally administered vaccines against respiratory viruses.

Abstract

Healthy adults exhibit distinct nasal immune profiles, with an IFN-λ3-dominant, low-inflammatory state conferring resistance to SARS-CoV-2 in vitro. The nasal immune milieu may influence susceptibility to respiratory viruses and the efficacy of mucosally administered vaccines.

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Authors

Sarah N. Gowanlock

Victor H.K. Lam

Zeynep Güneş Tepe

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Institutions

University of Toronto

Western University

George Washington University

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The adult nasal mucosa is defined by distinct immune profiles that modulate in-vitro SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Key Points

Abstract

Citation Network

Connected Papers

Discussion

Authors

Actions

Institutions

References and Citations

Citation Network

Connected Papers

Discussion

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